Polarization Diversity Equipped Patch Antenna for IIoT, Remote Sensing, and Satellite Communication Applications

Abstract

Compact, multiband patch antenna with dual kind of polarization is presented in this paper. Linear polarization and circular polarization are exhibited by the antenna in different resonating bands. The horn antenna tapering concept is implemented in this paper in order to achieve gradual transition in the impedance of the slot antenna, thereby resulting in triple resonating bands owing to a tapered slot causing gradual variation from 50 ohms to 377 ohms. A stub of λg/2 length generates even-odd modes which are orthogonal in the time domain, resulting in circular polarized behavior of the patch antenna. Band tuning provision is also provided in the antenna by embedding a narrow slit ws. Length, width, and height of dimensions 0.78λg, 0.78λg, and 0.03λg mm3 are fabricated for antenna on the FR4 substrate. The frequency ranges 2.68 GHz - 3.40 GHz is lower resonating band with circular polarization, whereas linear polarized upper bands are between 4.24 GHz - 5.56 GHz and 6.12 GHz - 6.89 GHz. The unique polarization response exhibited by different targets can be utilized to identify the targets with precision in IIOT, remote sensing, and satellite applications.