Modeling of Path Loss in Internet of Vehicles Communication
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31838/NJAP/08.01.17Keywords:
Path loss, IoV, UAV, Signal attenuation, Simulation.Abstract
The vast advancement in wireless technology improves the VANETs (“vehicular ad hoc networks”) and contributes in facilitating the smart or intelligent transportation systems (ITSs). In vehicular networks, the coverage and connectivity issues are extremely affected due to its high dynamic network environment (high vehicle’s speed). Path Loss represents the reduction in signal power as it propagates from the sender to the receiver. These issues are clearly raised in different VANET’s environments with dense or sparse densities. Due to path loss, delays, frequent disconnections, and lost emergency messages may happen. Some improvement is added to improve the coverage and connectivity of the vehicular networks by utilizing ground road side units (RSUs) along the streets. These RSUs are contributed in VANET’s efficiency by reducing the latency or enhancing its utility. To overcome these and other shortages and limitations, UAVs (“Unmanned Aerial Vehicles”) can be utilized as flight RSUs to as-sist VANETs. UAVs can widely improve the end-to-end connectivity and solve the path loss problems especially in Non-Line of Sight (NLoS) case. Power reduction in a transmitted signal can happens due to frequency, distance, buildings, hills, and environmental situations. To reduce the effects on the link quality, coverage, connectivity, and network performance, it is crucial to analyze and model the path loss to optimize different wireless communication aspects (transmission power, transmitter location and height). The significant findings in this paper can help designers propose and implement reliable vehicular communication systems in the next generations by adjusting the path loss values.
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